Measurement of TU M2-PK Enzyme
The TU M2-PK test is an immunological assay aimed at detecting and quantitatively measuring tumor M2-pyruvate kinase (Tumor M2-PK) in stool samples. This enzyme is a specific metabolic marker of tumor processes, especially in the colon and rectum.
- What is TU M2-PK:
TU M2-PK is an isoform of the pyruvate kinase enzyme type M2, existing as a dimer released by tumor cells during their metabolism and proliferation. In normal cells, the enzyme is predominantly tetrameric, while in cancerous transformations, the M2 isoform predominates as a dimer.
- Principle of the test:
TU M2-PK measurement in stool is based on an immunoenzymatic method (ELISA) using specific monoclonal antibodies to quantitatively detect the enzyme produced by tumor cells in the intestine.
- Clinical significance:
- Early detection of dysplastic and tumor changes in the colon and rectum, including colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps.
- Assessment of tumor severity and progression.
- Prediction of metastasis likelihood and disease recurrence.
- Monitoring treatment effectiveness, including post-surgical follow-up.
- Advantages of the method:
- High sensitivity (~92%) and specificity, exceeding traditional tests like fecal occult blood testing.
- Results are unaffected by diet, medication (e.g., vitamin C, NSAIDs), and other factors that often influence other tests.
- Detects both bleeding and non-bleeding tumors.
- Single stool sample collection suffices for accurate results, simplifying patient preparation.
- Normal values:
Normally, TU M2-PK levels in stool do not exceed approximately 4.0 U/ml. Elevated levels may indicate benign polyps, dysplasia, or malignant intestinal tumors.
- Indications for the test:
- Patients with symptoms suggestive of colorectal cancer or other intestinal diseases.
- High-risk individuals: age over 50, obesity, smoking, family cancer history, inflammatory bowel diseases (colitis, Crohn's disease), polyps.
- Screening and preventive examinations for early tumor detection in the gastrointestinal tract.
- Post-treatment monitoring and surveillance for potential recurrence.
- Preparation and procedure:
No special preparation or diet is required. The patient collects a stool sample in a sterile container and delivers it to the laboratory.
Summary: TU M2-PK stool test is an important, highly sensitive and specific method for early colorectal cancer detection and precancerous conditions, enabling early tumor identification, treatment monitoring, and complication prevention.