C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation or tissue damage. It is one of the most sensitive and early markers of inflammatory processes in the body.
Role of CRP in the body:
- Activates the immune system by stimulating phagocytosis and complement activation.
- Helps neutralize viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens.
- Participates in regulating the functions of T-lymphocytes, phagocytes, and platelets.
- Aids in removing damaged cells and supports tissue regeneration.
Indications for CRP testing:
- Suspected acute and chronic inflammatory processes.
- Diagnosis of bacterial and viral infections.
- Monitoring treatment effectiveness of inflammatory and infectious diseases.
- Assessment of activity in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases.
- Detection of hidden inflammation and complications after surgeries or injuries.
- Evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk.
Interpretation of results:
- Normal CRP level — up to 3 mg/L (up to 5 mg/L in some laboratories).
- Increase up to 7 mg/L indicates low-intensity inflammation, often in hidden or slow-developing processes.
- Levels from 7.1 to 50 mg/L suggest moderate inflammation typical for chronic diseases.
- Values above 50 mg/L indicate high inflammatory activity, often seen in severe infections and autoimmune diseases.
Test features:
CRP does not indicate a specific disease, but its dynamics help the physician assess the presence and activity of inflammation, as well as therapy effectiveness. The test is usually quantitative and requires fasting blood samples.
Thus, the C-reactive protein test is an important tool for early diagnosis of inflammatory processes and monitoring treatment of various diseases.